大块石头 2007-11-1 17:46
Underwater Dolphin Kick 『水下蝶泳腿 Ⅱ』
Underwater Dolphin Kick
[color=Green][b]水下蝶泳腿[/b][/color]
This week’s Speedo Tip of the Week was submitted by Ray Mitchell, head coach of the Terrapin Swim Club, who offers some advice on developing your underwater dolphin kick.
[color=Green][b]本周的Speedo小贴示是由Terrapin游泳俱乐部的主教练雷·米切尔(Ray Mitchell)提供的,他为大家带来的提高水下蝶泳腿的建议。[/b][/color]
Mitchell’s Tip:
Here at the Terrapins, we emphasize this skill on a daily basis in our National and Pre-National training groups. At our age group level, this skill is highlighted as an important tool for future success. Basically everyone in our program works to some degree on improving their underwater kicking technique. This emphasis really helped current World Record Holder Natalie Coughlin develop her backstroke to the world-class level. It wasn’t until she really focused on and improved this skill that her backstroke caught fire. Much of what we now apply to the development of this skill came from Natalie’s training from age 14-17.
[color=Green][b]米切尔(Mitchell)的建议:
在Terrapin俱乐部,我们每天都对我们的国家级或者准国家级别的运动员做加强这种技巧的训练。在我们的低龄组运动员中,这种技巧是一种能提高他们水平的重要手段。基本上,我们的每位运动员都采用不同程度的训练来提高他们的水下蝶泳腿技术。这种强化训练让我们的世界纪录保持者纳塔丽·寇琳(Natalie Coughlin)把她的仰泳成绩提升到国际级水平。直到纳塔丽·寇琳(Natalie Coughlin)真正重视提高她的水下蝶泳腿技术的时候,她的仰泳技术才得到飞跃。我们现在采用的训练方法就是从纳塔丽(Natalie)14至17岁时的训练内容。[/b][/color]
To assess your potential in underwater dolphin kicking, there are a few basics to look for. First, you must maintain a superb streamline position. Reducing resistance and drag underwater with proper streamlining is a must. You cannot move forward in developing this skill unless you master streamlining. The next area to look at would be ankle flexibility (plantar flexion), core body strength and quadriceps / hamstring power – all-important components to effective dolphin kicking. If your dolphin kick is weak due to any of the above factors, then you must consider utilizing less of this skill (shorter distances off walls – shorter time underwater) or spend the time trying to strengthen your dolphin kick capabilities. In the end, you and your coach will have to decide how much of this skill is appropriate for you based on your physical make-up. In Natalie’s case, she not only has all the physical tools but also has the psychological determination to train this skill better and tougher than most.
[color=Green][b]有一些基本的方法可以测试你的水下蝶泳腿的潜力。首先,你必须要做到很漂亮的流线体位。从减少水带来的阻力的角度来讲,保持合理的流线体位是必须要做到的。如果你做不到很到位的流线体位的话,你就不可能提高你的水下蝶泳腿水平。第二个方面,就是你的脚踝的灵活度(足关节屈曲),腰腹力量以及四头肌/跟腱的力量——这些都是有效踢水下蝶泳腿的重要组成元素。如果以上点中有你的弱项的话,那么你还是(在现状态下)少使用水下蝶泳腿技术(你可以所短登壁后的踢腿距离——减少在水下的时间),或者花时间针对蝶泳腿的须求做力量训练。最后,你要和你的教练要根据你的身体条件设计一款适合你的水下蝶泳腿方案。就纳塔丽(Natalie)而言,她不仅有身体条件,而且她更有追求更好更强的技术的决心。[/b][/color]
Here are a few sets and concepts that we have used at the Terrapins to train this skill:
[color=Green][b]以下是一些我们在Terrapins俱乐部采用的一些训练方法和观念:[/b][/color]
Age Group Level – Sets of 25s, increasing the number of kicks underwater on each 25; holding the determined number of kicks underwater off each wall in training sets.
[color=Green][b]低龄运动员水平——25米池训练,尝试着在每次的25米潜游中增加踢腿的次数,在之后的训练中尽量保持最多次数的踢腿。[/b][/color]
Senior Level – A. Use of monofins - example: 10x100m dolphin kick repeats on 1:30-1:40, going 25 under / 25 up, and on repeats #5 and #10 25 under / 25 up then 50 under.
[color=Green][b]成熟运动员水平(也就是可以参赛的年龄段)
·A 使用一体脚蹼——例如:每一分三十至四十秒,穿戴脚蹼完成100米蝶泳腿(如此重复十次):25次水下蝶泳腿、25次正常蝶泳腿,每五次或者十次转换动作。回程做50次连续的水下蝶泳腿。[/b][/color]
B. 20x25y on :30 underwater dolphin kicking – time these on a watch to enhance quality of effort.
[color=Green][b]·B 20x25码 水下三十下蝶泳腿——计时,然后(在保持速度的前提下)尽量增加每次踢腿的效力[/b][/color]。
C. 20x50y on :50, odds 15m kick underwater, then swim through turn and entire second 25 under on the way back; evens 25 kick under surface, one stroke away from wall turn and hold 15m kick underwater off turn. This requires tremendous discipline and breath control.
[color=Green][b]·C 前25码,出发时做一个水下15米小幅度蝶泳腿的滑行,然后游完剩下的十米,转身后一口气踢水下25码;再完成25米的回程匀速蝶泳腿后,在距壁一划远的地方开始转身,然后接一次水下15码的小幅度蝶泳腿滑行。这项练习对耐力和憋气的要求极为大。[/b][/color]
D. 20-40 x 15m on :30, 15m kick under on watch; drill or sprint swim back to wall.
[color=Green][b]·D 20x15米或者40x15米三十米一单元,前十五米计时潜游,然后或继续踢或直接游到对面。[/b][/color]
E. Vertical shooters off bottom – hold streamline position and bounce off bottom of pool and dolphin kick on way up to surface at max effort.
[color=Green][b]·E 垂直触低弹射——保持流线体位,然后(在深度合适的水域中)站在从池底向水面垂直做蝶泳腿弹跳,用最大的力量。[/b][/color]
One thing we never do is underwater kicking for distance (see how far you can go or how many laps you can make underwater). This is very unsafe and does very little to enhance the power aspect of your underwater kicking. Remember you only get 15m off each wall to utilize this skill, so power and speed are the goals. So be safe and always practice your underwater skills under the direct supervision of your [color=Green]coach.
[b]我们从未做过的就是一口气长距离水下蝶泳腿训练(就是看运动员在不浮出水面呼吸的情况下,能游多远或者几圈)。这种方法一是不安全,再有就是不怎么见效。记住,你只需要做十五米的水下蝶泳腿,所以力度和速度才是我们所追求的。也就是说,要在保证安全的前提下在你的教练的监督下进行训练。[/b][/color]
A few comparisons to one of the best underwater dolphin kickers in the world - listed below are some of the more notable underwater kicking sets accomplished by Natalie in the past five years:
[color=Green][b]以下罗列的是未经比照的一位世界顶尖的水下蝶泳腿高手纳塔丽(Natalie)在过去几年中的成绩:[/b][/color]
50y dolphin kick underwater from a push – 24.0 seconds.
[color=Green][b]登壁后水下五十米蝶泳腿——24秒[/b][/color]
15m kick underwater to head – 6.8 seconds (her goal has been 6.0 for 15m). 10x200y on 2:30 back, going 25 underwater dolphin kick / 25back swim averaged 2:07+ (this was done in warm-up prior to competing).
[color=Green][b]15米水下蝶泳腿至出水——6.8秒(她的目标是15米六秒中)。在两个半小时内完成10x200码仰泳,每水下25米蝶泳腿后25米仰泳合起来(就是每五十米登壁前完成一半水下蝶泳腿,一半仰泳)这样的每200码的平均成绩为两分钟零七秒以上(这仅仅是赛前热身)。[/b][/color]
Dive 25 underwater, hand touch 10.2.
[color=Green][b]25米潜泳,触壁 10秒2[/b][/color]
800m kick with 15m underwater off each wall – 11:35
[color=Green][b]八百米踢仰泳腿,每登壁后前15米为水下蝶泳腿 十一分三十五秒[/b][/color]
Perhaps the most memorable utilization of this skill by Natalie that I remember was at the Kerr-McGee Pro-AM 200 free final, when Natalie was racing Ashley Tappin. Tappin had a lead into the last turn (175), and Natalie came off the wall and stayed under 15m to go 1:46 low. It was amazing to see this type of ability at the end of a race. Good luck with your efforts to improve your underwater kicking skills!
[color=Green][b]或许最为让我记忆犹新的一次纳塔丽(Natalie)使用水下蝶泳腿技术是在科麦奇全美职业公开赛的200米自由泳决赛时纳塔丽(Natalie)对阵阿什丽·塔品(Ashley Tappin)。塔品(Tappin)在最后一次转身前还处于领先位置(175米位置——短池),纳塔丽(Natalie)转身登壁后一次15米的水下蝶泳腿帮助她取得了不到1:46的成绩。能在比赛临近尾声时看到这么精彩的绝活,的确很赏心悦目。祝你在练习中取得好的成绩![/b][/color]
[color=Purple]PS[/color] 这篇 看的时候就糊涂 尤其是那几组训练方法 我对我的译文不是很自信
[color=Purple]PS[/color] 文章来源自USA Swimming 的官方网站[url]http://www.usaswimming.org/USASWeb/ViewMiscArticle.aspx?TabId=144&Alias=Rainbow&Lang=en&mid=196&ItemId=122[/url]
[color=Purple]PS[/color] 译文中的人名均为音译,如于官方译本有出入,还请不吝告知,我会修改。
[color=Purple]PS[/color] 如各位在疑问内容中察觉任何文法或者翻译错误,烦劳告知在下,我会尽快修改。希望这篇文章能对您游泳有所帮助。[color=white]
[[i] 本帖最后由 大块石头 于 2007-11-17 11:11 AM 编辑 [/i]]
johnwu68 2007-11-1 18:19
Natalie Coughlin [url]http://www.51swim.com/mybbs/thread-15201-1-3.html[/url]
johnwu68 2007-11-1 20:35
总的来说,水下蝶泳腿的重要性无论怎样强调都不过分.
蝶泳腿的能力直接关系到一个人整体的游泳能力.
这方面美国人很有心得,且运用自如,行之有效.
可推荐的三个水下蝶泳腿练习分别是:水下蝶泳腿,水下仰位蝶泳腿,水下360度旋转蝶泳腿.
crime222 2007-11-1 21:49
我现在掌握了水下蝶泳腿,360度,而且慢慢也有了一些感觉。不过仰位蝶泳无法进行-------只要是仰位,鼻子一定进水!
shengliang1983 2007-11-2 10:38
我也是感觉仰蝶腿还好,水下的仰蝶腿实在是有心理恐惧啊,呵呵
johnwu68 2007-11-2 16:37
游仰位蝶泳腿的表情;P
[[i] 本帖最后由 johnwu68 于 2007-11-2 04:39 PM 编辑 [/i]]
shengliang1983 2007-11-2 16:40
哈哈,果然是很痛苦唉,紧闭双眼,两腮鼓起,哈哈哈
水天一色 2007-11-2 16:46
偶脚踝的灵活度(足关节屈曲)不足,只能花时间针对蝶泳腿的需求做力量训练喽。
johnwu68 2007-11-2 16:58
[quote]原帖由 [i]johnwu68[/i] 于 2007-11-2 04:37 PM 发表
游仰位蝶泳腿的表情;P [/quote]
眼睛还是不要闭的好!其他随意.
shengliang1983 2007-11-2 17:00
恩,眼睛睁开有助于控制身体在水中的位置
johnwu68 2007-11-2 17:03
Peirsol 老道多了!
shengliang1983 2007-11-2 17:12
漂亮的气泡,完美的流线型
johnwu68 2007-11-2 17:18
上肢有些微向上的角度,开始为出水做准备,同时均匀而有节制地呼气,待至出水时呼尽.
johnwu68 2007-11-3 17:17
强大的蝶泳腿能力不会自然产生,有赖于从不断的练习中获得.
从原理上说,蝶泳腿并不复杂,关键在于要给于足够的重视,并使之运用自如.
大块石头 2007-11-17 08:49
Dolphin Kicking out of Turns『转身后蝶泳腿』
This week’s Speedo Tip of the Week comes from John Walker, USA Swimming’s Assistant Director of Technical Support. Walker offers some advice on whether or not to do a dolphin kick off your turns.
[color=Green][b]本周的Speedo小贴示是由美国国家游泳管理局技术研究中心的助理主管约翰·沃克(John Walker)提供的。沃克(Walker)为大家带来了关于转身登壁后是否踢蝶泳腿的建议。[/b][/color]
Walker's Tip:
Three things influence the choice of whether or not to dolphin kick. First, are you an efficient underwater dolphin kicker? Second, can you make a smooth transition from the dolphin kick to swimming when you break the surface? Third, how long do you plan to be underwater?
[color=Green][b]沃克(Walker)的窍门儿:
有三个方面的问题会影响你在转身出发后是否要踢蝶泳腿。第一,你的水下蝶泳腿是不是很有效?第二,在你出水的时候你能不能很平稳地将自己的蝶泳腿转换为在前进中使用的泳姿(踢腿)?第三,你打算在水下待多长时间?[/b][/color]
Underwater dolphin kick can be a great tool to add speed to starts and turns, but it takes a lot of practice and not everyone is able to go faster than flutter kicking with the same amount of energy expended. This is something you should evaluate and train with your coach before adding it to your race strategy.
[color=Green][b]水下蝶泳腿是一种很高效的出发或转身后加速的手段,但是,这需要大量的练习,而且并不是每一个人使用相等的力量踢水下蝶泳腿比踢自由泳腿块速、有效。在赛前,你要跟你的教练一起权衡并训练,再决定是否在竞赛中使用。[/b][/color]
The most difficult part of using the underwater dolphin kick in freestyle is the transition from kicking to swimming. Switching from dolphin kick to freestyle is very awkward and difficult to do smoothly. It is like hopping with both feet straight ahead and then changing instantly to running at full stride. A mistake in this transition can quickly erase any advantage gained by the dolphin kick. Many athletes use three to four dolphin kicks underwater and then shift to flutter kick shortly before breaking the surface, which makes the transition easier.
[color=Green][b](尤其是)在自由泳比赛中,最难的部分就是水下蝶泳腿到自由泳的转换。把水下蝶泳腿转平顺地换成自由泳踢腿的过程是很别扭又很困难的。这就如同在(绑住)双脚向前跳动的过程中,马上要将双腿迈开、大步向前跑一样。在转换过程中出现失误,就能马上抵消水下蝶泳腿的加速的优势。大多数运动员都是在水下踢三或四下蝶泳腿,然后在即将出水的前一刻转为自由泳腿,这么做能使转换更轻松。[/b][/color]
The longer you are underwater, the more likely you are to benefit from dolphin kicks in a freestyle race, but the risk of breaking your streamline with too large a dolphin kick or a rough transition outweighs the potential gains of the dolphin kick.
[color=Green][b]你在水下待的时间越长,在自由泳竞赛中就更加有机会从你的水下蝶泳腿中得到更大的加速,但是这样也有一定的风险——你的流线体位可能被一次大幅度的水下蝶泳腿破坏掉,还有,如果转换过程生硬的话会将水下蝶泳腿的加速给抵消掉。[/b][/color]
There are several swimmers on the international level who use the dolphin kick off the starts and turns in freestyle events, including Ian Thorpe, Anthony Ervin, Natalie Coughlin, Michael Phelps and Michael Klim. Each is very good in the three areas mentioned and have practiced the skill for several years. They are very successful with this strategy, but over 80 percent of the athletes at the highest level still use the flutter kick, including Gary Hall Jr., Brooke Bennett, Grant Hackett and Pieter van den Hoogenband. For many people, dolphin kicking will probably not be the best strategy in freestyle events, but you should definitely give it a try with the help of your coach.
[color=Green][b]很多的国际知名健将都在自由泳出发或者转身后使用水下蝶泳腿技术,如邑安·索普(Ian Thorpe)、安通尼·艾尔文(Anthony Ervin)、娜塔丽·考琳(Natalie Coughlin)、迈克尔·菲尔普斯(Michael Phelps)以及迈克尔·克理姆(Michael Klim)。他们每一位都在之前提及的三个方面中表现得非常出众,而且他们都为此刻苦锻炼了几年的时间。他们的这种水下蝶泳腿技术非常了得,但其他八成以上的国际泳坛健将还是使用自由泳腿的,如小加利·豪(Gary Hall Jr.)、布鲁克·本内特(Brooke Bennett)、格兰特·哈奇特(Grant Hackett)以及彼得·范·登·霍根班德(Pieter van den Hoogenband)。对于大多数人来说,采用水下蝶泳腿技术并不是最佳的竞赛策略,不过,在你的教练的指导下做做尝试也是值得的。[/b][/color]
[color=Purple]PS[/color] 文章来源自USA Swimming 的官方网站[url]http://www.usaswimming.org/USASWeb/ViewMiscArticle.aspx?TabId=144&Alias=Rainbow&Lang=en&mid=196&ItemId=154[/url]
[color=Purple]PS[/color] 译文中的人名均为音译,如于官方译本有出入,还请不吝告知,我会修改。
[color=Purple]PS[/color] 如各位在疑问内容中察觉任何文法或者翻译错误,烦劳告知在下,我会尽快修改。希望这篇文章能对您游泳有所帮助。[color=white]
[[i] 本帖最后由 大块石头 于 2007-11-17 08:50 AM 编辑 [/i]]
srdrm 2007-11-17 09:09
我非常不明白里面y所讲的训练方式,目前先有一疑问如下:
按楼主给的译文:
[quote]我们从未做过的就是一口气长距离水下蝶泳腿训练(就是看运动员在不浮出水面呼吸的情况下,能游多远或者几圈)。这种方法一是不安全,再有就是不怎么见效。记住,你只需要做十五米的水下蝶泳腿,所以力度和速度才是我们所追求的。也就是说,要在保证安全的前提下在你的教练的监督下进行训练[/quote]
这里他强调不要练长距离的水下一口气蝶泳腿。
而在前面却一直强调"水下蝶泳腿", 比如:
[quote]B 20x25码 水下三十下蝶泳腿——计时,然后尽量加速。[/quote]
这里的30下蝶i泳腿,难道不是指水下的?或者是水面上的?呼吸如何进行呢,一次30下?
johnwu68 2007-11-17 10:40
[quote]原帖由 [i]srdrm[/i] 于 2007-11-17 09:09 AM 发表
我非常不明白里面y所讲的训练方式,目前先有一疑问如下:
按楼主给的译文:
这里他强调不要练长距离的水下一口气蝶泳腿。
而在前面却一直强调"水下蝶泳腿", 比如:
这里的30下蝶i泳腿,难 ... [/quote]
那就是,在原文作者看来,25米水下蝶泳腿的练习,仅是一个常规练习,
还不能算得上是长距离水下蝶泳腿练习.
大块石头 2007-11-17 10:59
[quote]原帖由 [i]srdrm[/i] 于 2007-11-17 09:09 AM 发表
我非常不明白里面y所讲的训练方式,目前先有一疑问如下:
按楼主给的译文:
这里他强调不要练长距离的水下一口气蝶泳腿。
而在前面却一直强调"水下蝶泳腿", 比如:
这里的30下蝶i泳腿,难 ... [/quote]
一口气提到结束是危险的 也容易导致窒息或者是溺水
三十下也就是25米左右 短池到头而已
很多业余选手也能做到水下25米蝶泳腿的 如果借助器械或者脚蹼的话 可能更多的人可以做到
应该不是难事
再有 这个训练是针对半职业运动员而采用的
我们如果要效仿 可以从三两下或者5米开始 逐步递增
初学者的话 也不可能一次就潜游踢标准的蝶泳腿20米以上——泛泛而论 不排除有天才选手可以做到的可能
训练在于针对自己的实际条件 而且要在教练的科学指导下开展进行
若照搬这套训练方法的话 一来可能身体上受不了 二来可能有危险
译文主要还是起辅助作用 基于广泛介绍游泳相关信息的角度出发 并不是教学大纲
所以 请放松些
johnwu68 2007-11-17 11:09
[quote]原帖由 [i]大块石头[/i] 于 2007-11-17 10:59 AM 发表
一口气提到结束是危险的 也容易导致窒息或者是溺水
三十下也就是25米左右 短池到头而已
很多业余选手也能做到水下25米蝶泳腿的 如果借助器械或者脚蹼的话 可能更多的人可以做到
应该不是难事
再有 这个训 ... [/quote]
说的是,世界冠军Natalie Coughlin哦! :lol
文中还提到50米的水下蝶泳腿(应该是仰位),时间上到是可能有些问题(夸张了些).
但至少说明,有部分顶尖的运动员,比较强调或经常做着这样的练习.
大块石头 2007-11-17 11:14
[quote]原帖由 [i]srdrm[/i] 于 2007-11-17 09:09 AM 发表
我非常不明白里面y所讲的训练方式,目前先有一疑问如下:
按楼主给的译文:
这里他强调不要练长距离的水下一口气蝶泳腿。
而在前面却一直强调"水下蝶泳腿", 比如:
这里的30下蝶i泳腿,难 ... [/quote]
尽量加速一句,译文有误,已经修改。
谢谢提醒。